2015年1月22日，廣東省東莞市長安鎮。內衣廠的生產線。生產的內衣全部出口。占有兵 攝

January 22, 2015, Chang'an Town, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province. The production line of underwear factory. All underwear manufactured are exported. by YouBing Zhan

我試圖用手中的相機，對不同類型的工廠進行解剖式記錄。

當我拍攝了70多萬張圖片后，我發現，制造業的生產線是打工者的最主要空間，每天在車間10小時或更多時間，生產線就是打工者最主要的人生舞臺，青春在此消費，人生的棱角被生產線磨平。

車間，人口特別密集，生產線是效率單元，分工極細，工作內容單調重復。打工者，不過是被生產線控制著的另一種機器，一種只需少量“加油”而不需要維修的機器。

生產線上的主力軍，是年青力壯且能夠經常加班的打工者，30歲以下的人最受工廠歡迎。給點加班費，就把打工者拴住了，每天服服帖帖地鎖在流水線上。    

車間的運作，是從早會開始的。上班鈴響了，各條生產線組長召集打工者開早會，內容無非是產品出了哪些質量問題，如何預防和糾正；哪些人在工作中違反了規定；哪些人請假次數多，影響了生產線的運作；哪些人又被領導批評了；上級有什么新的指示啦；工廠最近的動向呀等等。當然，經驗豐富的組長會用“三明治”法開早會，先講好聽的，再批評，接著又鼓勵大家努力。也有一些打工資歷久、性格差的組長，象母老虎一樣，開早會就咆哮，有時罵得自尊心強的員工直哭鼻子。開完早會，各就各位，開工，干活!

人有三急，在車間，離開工作崗位要領離崗證才行，說簡單點，想上廁所要獲得批準才可以。每當流水線開動起來，30多個人分坐在傳動帶的兩邊，手腳不停地處理前工序送出來的貨，一個蘿卜一個坑，誰也不能離開。每條生產線，有一個專門頂位的打工者，一般稱她為助拉。組長開早會，助拉就開始領料，將拉上所需要的物品全部準備好，同時，助拉也會檢查生產線上的電源、傳動帶、照明燈、易損工具等等。在生產線運行半個小時后，想離開工位的打工者才能舉手請求助拉頂位，從組長處領到一個離崗證，去上廁所或者喝水。通常，每條生產線只有一張離崗證，在開工后半個小時內和下班前半個小時內不發。

生產線運作時，電子廠的車間內是嚴禁說話的，車間內只有機器發出的聲響。雖然前后工位的同事們近在咫尺，也必須閉嘴。只有在發現產品質量問題或生產中出現異常，才能呼叫助拉或組長來處理。車間的公告欄上，常會貼出“XXX上班時講話，記過一次”之類的通告。每天十幾個小時在車間，除了工間休息的10分鐘可以講話，一直閉嘴是一項修練呀，時間久了，同事之間看著面熟，實則很陌生。

生產線另一個特點，就是分工非常細。分工過細造成生產效率極高，打工者在工位上就是流水線的延伸，每天重復進行簡單的操作，工作極其單調。在一家生產USB線的工廠，一個男工的工作是將USB線圍著兩個小柱子繞5圈后扎上皮筋，再送到流水線給下一個工位裝袋。他說每天要繞4000條左右，剛開始做這道工序后，手臂特別難受，連吃飯時用筷子都感覺到痛。但第二天到了車間，還得繼續干，如果速度慢了，組長還會批評。這樣咬牙堅持干了一個月后，手臂已經習慣了這種勞動強度，也不痛了。即使是冬天，其他的同事們都穿著外套干活，他只穿著短袖工衣就夠了。

能在工廠留下來干得久的，是老油條，是自認為找到了自己位置的打工者；還在工廠與工廠之間觀望、選擇、培訓、試用的，是新手，是想擠身于工廠卻還沒有找到合適機會的打工者。

 2015年1月22日，廣東省東莞市長安鎮。內衣廠的生產線。生產的內衣全部出口。占有兵 攝

January 22, 2015, Chang'an Town, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province. The production line of underwear factory. All underwear manufactured are exported.  by YouBing Zhan

 2012年5月22日，廣東省東莞市長安鎮。內衣廠的生產線。生產的內衣全部出口。占有兵 攝

 May 22, 2012, Chang'an Town, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province. The production line of underwear factory. All underwear manufactured are exported.   by YouBing Zhan

 2017年11月22日，廣東省東莞市。毛織廠生產線上女工的手。占有兵 攝

November 22, 2017, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province. The hands of women workers on the wool mill production line.  by YouBing Zhan

I tried to use my camera to record anatomically different types of factories.

When I took more than 700,000 pictures, I found that the manufacturing production line is the main space for workers. Every day, 10 hours or more in the workshop, the production line is the main stage of life for workers. Youth consumes here, and the edges of life are smoothed by the production line.

Workshop, especially densely populated, production line is the efficiency unit, the division of labor is very fine, the work content is monotonous and repetitive. Workers are just another machine controlled by the production line, a machine that needs only a small amount of "refueling" without maintenance.

The main force on the production line is young and strong workers who can work overtime frequently. People under 30 years old are most popular in factories. Give some overtime pay, tie up the workers and lock them in the assembly line every day.

The operation of the workshop started early. When the bell rang, the leaders of each production line convened an early meeting of workers. The content was nothing more than what quality problems had happened to the products and how to prevent and correct them; who had violated the regulations in their work; who had taken more leave, which affected the operation of the production line; who had been criticized by the leaders; what new instructions did the superiors have? Recent developments in factories and so on. Of course, experienced team leaders will use "sandwich" method to hold early meetings, first to speak well, then to criticize, and then to encourage everyone to work hard. There are also some group leaders who have been paid for a long time and have poor personality. Like tigers, they will roar at the beginning of the day, sometimes scolding self-esteemed employees and crying their noses. After the morning meeting, take your place, start work, work!

People have three urgencies. In the workshop, they need to get a leave certificate to leave their job. To put it simply, they need to get permission to go to the toilet. Every time the assembly line starts, more than 30 people sit on both sides of the belt, hand and foot constantly processing the goods delivered by the previous process, a radish pit, no one can leave. Each production line, there is a special top worker, commonly known as pull-in.  When the group leader holds an early meeting, the puller starts to collect the materials and prepares all the items needed. At the same time, the puller also checks the power supply, transmission belt, lighting, vulnerable tools and so on on on the production line. After half an hour of operation of the production line, the workers who want to leave the workstation can raise their hands and ask for help to pull the top position. They can get a leave certificate from the team leader and go to the toilet or drink water. Usually, each production line has only one exit certificate, which is not issued within half an hour after start-up and half an hour before work.

When the production line is in operation, it is strictly forbidden to speak in the workshop of the electronics factory. Only the sound of the machine is heard in the workshop. Although the colleagues in the front and back workplaces are close, they must also shut up. Only when product quality problems or abnormalities occur in production are found, can the assistant or group leader be called to deal with them. On the bulletin board of the workshop, announcements such as "XXX Speeches at Work and Records Once" are often posted. Every day more than ten hours in the workshop, in addition to the 10 minutes of break to speak, it is a practice to keep silent. For a long time, colleagues look familiar with each other, but it is very strange.

Another feature of the production line is that the division of labor is very fine.  Overfine division of labor results in high production efficiency. The workers are the extension of the assembly line on the work station. They repeat simple operations every day, and the work is extremely monotonous. In a factory that produces USB cable, a male worker's job is to wrap the USB cable around two small pillars and tie the epithelial band five times before sending it to the assembly line for bagging at the next station. He said that it takes about 4,000 rounds a day. When he first started this process, his arm was very uncomfortable. He even felt pain when he used chopsticks to eat.  But when we arrived at the workshop the next day, we had to work on it. If the speed was slow, the team leader would criticize it. After a month of persistent teeth grinding, the arm has become accustomed to the intensity of labor, and no pain. Even in winter, other colleagues wore coats to work. He only wore short-sleeved overalls.

Those who can stay and work in the factory for a long time are the old fried sticks, the workers who think they have found their own position; those who still wait, choose, train and try out between the factory and the factory are novices, who want to squeeze themselves into the factory but have not found the right opportunity.

2015年5月4日，廣東省東莞市長安鎮。鞋廠的生產線。生產的鞋全部出口。占有兵 攝

May 4, 2015, Chang'an Town, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province. Production line of shoe factory. All the shoes produced are exported.  by YouBing Zhan

2014年7月10日，廣東省東莞市長安鎮。鞋廠生產線上的女工。生產的鞋全部出口。占有兵 攝

July 10, 2014, Chang'an Town, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province. A woman worker on the shoe factory's production line. All the shoes produced are exported.  by YouBing Zhan

2015年5月4日，廣東省東莞市長安鎮。鞋廠的生產線。生產的鞋全部出口。占有兵 攝

May 4, 2015, Chang'an Town, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province.Production line of shoe factory. All the shoes produced are exported. by YouBing Zhan

2015年8月12日，廣東省東莞市長安鎮。鞋廠生產線上的女工。生產的鞋全部出口。占有兵 攝

  August 12, 2015, Chang'an Town, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province. A woman worker on the shoe factory's production line. All the shoes produced are exported. by YouBing Zhan

2014年8月9日，廣東省東莞市長安鎮。玩具廠的生產線。生產的玩具全部出口。占有兵 攝

August 9, 2014, Chang'an Town, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province.Production line of toy factory. All toys produced are exported. by YouBing Zhan

2015年4月13日，廣東省東莞市長安鎮。玩具廠的生產線。生產的玩具全部出口。占有兵 攝

April 13, 2015, Chang'an Town, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province. Production line of toy factory. All toys produced are exported. by YouBing Zhan

2015年5月21日，廣東省東莞市長安鎮。玩具廠的生產線。生產的玩具全部出口。占有兵 攝

May 21, 2015, Chang'an Town, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province. Production line of toy factory. All toys produced are exported. by YouBing Zhan

2010年7月16日，廣東省東莞市長安鎮。手袋廠的生產線。生產的產品全部出口。占有兵 攝

July 16, 2010, Chang'an Town, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province. The production line of handbag factory. All the products produced are exported. by YouBing Zhan

2011年11月25日，廣東省東莞市長安鎮。手袋廠生產線的女工。生產的產品全部出口。占有兵 攝

November 25, 2011, Chang'an Town, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province. A woman worker on the production line of a handbag factory. All the products produced are exported. by YouBing Zhan

2014年12月9日，廣東省東莞市長安鎮。眼鏡廠的女工。生產的產品全部出口。占有兵 攝

December 9, 2014, Chang'an Town, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province. A woman worker in a glasses factory. All the products produced are exported. by YouBing Zhan

2014年12月916日，廣東省東莞市長安鎮。眼鏡廠的生產線。生產的產品全部出口。占有兵 攝

December 916, 2014, Chang'an Town, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province. Production line of glasses factory. All the products produced are exported. by YouBing Zhan

2017年11月9日，廣東省東莞市。毛織廠的生產線。生產的產品全部出口。占有兵 攝

November 9, 2017, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province. The production line of wool mill. All the products produced are exported. by YouBing Zhan

2011年7月24日，廣東省東莞市長安鎮。電子線廠的生產線。生產的產品全部出口。占有兵 攝

July 24, 2011, Chang'an Town, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province. The production line of the electronic wire factory. All the products produced are exported. by YouBing Zhan

2012年3月9日，廣東省東莞市長安鎮。電子廠的生產線。生產的產品全部出口。占有兵 攝

March 9, 2012, Chang'an Town, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province. The production line of the electronics factory. All the products produced are exported. by YouBing Zhan

2012年10月19日，廣東省東莞市長安鎮。學習機廠的生產線。生產的產品主要是內銷。占有兵 攝

October 19, 2012, Chang'an Town, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province. Learn the production line of the machine factory. The products produced are mainly for domestic sale. by YouBing Zhan

2016年3月15日，廣東省東莞市長安鎮。手機廠的生產線。生產的產品主要是內銷。占有兵 攝

March 15, 2016, Chang'an Town, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province. Mobile phone factory production line. The products produced are mainly for domestic sale. by YouBing Zhan

2013年7月17日，廣東省東莞市長安鎮。硬盤廠的生產線。生產的產品全部出口。占有兵 攝

July 17, 2013, Chang'an Town, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province. The production line of hard disk factory. All the products produced are exported. by YouBing Zhan

2013年7月30日，廣東省東莞市長安鎮。硬盤廠的生產線。生產的產品全部出口。占有兵 攝

July 30, 2013, Chang'an Town, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province. The production line of hard disk factory. All the products produced are exported. by YouBing Zhan

2016年9月10日，廣東省東莞市長安鎮。機械加工廠的生產線。生產的產品主要內銷。占有兵 攝

September 10, 2016, Chang'an Town, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province. Production Line of Machinery Processing Plant. The products produced are mainly for domestic sale. by YouBing Zhan

2014年12月31日，廣東省東莞市長安鎮。紙品廠的男工。生產的產品全部出口。占有兵 攝

December 31, 2014, Chang'an Town, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province. A male worker in a paper mill. All the products produced are exported. by YouBing Zhan

2012年5月22日，廣東省東莞市長安鎮。電子廠的生產線。生產的產品全部出口。占有兵 攝

May 22, 2012, Chang'an Town, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province. The production line of the electronics factory. All the products produced are exported. by YouBing Zhan

2014年12月8日，廣東省東莞市長安鎮。商標廠的生產線。生產的產品全部出口。占有兵 攝

December 8, 2014, Chang'an Town, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province. The production line of the trademark factory. All the products produced are exported. by YouBing Zhan

2015年4月15日，廣東省東莞市長安鎮。注塑廠的生產線。生產的產品全部出口。占有兵 攝

April 15, 2015, Chang'an Town, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province. Production line of injection moulding plant. All the products produced are exported. by YouBing Zhan

2014年12月516日，廣東省東莞市長安鎮。硬盤廠的生產線。生產的產品全部出口。占有兵 攝

December 516, 2014, Chang'an Town, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province. The production line of hard disk factory. All the products produced are exported. by YouBing Zhan

2017年7月3日，廣東省東莞市長安鎮。電動工具廠的生產線。生產的產品全部出口。占有兵 攝

July 3, 2017, Chang'an Town, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province. Production line of electric tool factory. All the products produced are exported. by YouBing Zhan

2017年7月3日，廣東省東莞市長安鎮。電動工具廠的生產線。生產的產品全部。占有兵 攝

July 3, 2017, Chang'an Town, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province. Production line of electric tool factory. All the products produced. by YouBing Zhan

2017年11月9日，廣東省東莞市長安鎮。毛織廠的生產線。生產的產品全部出口。 占有兵 攝

November 9, 2017, Chang'an Town, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province. The production line of wool mill. All the products produced are exported. by YouBing Zhan

圖文  占有兵 原創  All by  YouBing Zhan